Kamis, 19 Maret 2015

Conditional Sentences

Bahasa Inggris Bisnis

Tugas 1

Name  : Selvi Yuliani

Kelas   : 4EA17

NPM   : 16211662

 

Conditional tenses are used to speculate about what could happen, what might have happened, and what we wish would happen. In English, most sentences using the conditional contain the word if. Many conditional forms in English are used in sentences that include verbs in one of the past tenses. This usage is referred to as "the unreal past" because we use a past tense but we are not actually referring to something that happened in the past. There are five main ways of constructing conditional sentences in English. In all cases, these sentences are made up of an if clause and a main clause. In many negative conditional sentences, there is an equivalent sentence construction using "unless" instead of "if".

 

Conditional Sentence Type 0

Conditional type zero is used to talk about general truths, scientific facts or things which always happen under certain conditions.

Form:

If + Simple Present, + Simple Present

Use:

The zero conditional is used to talk about things which are always true, scientific facts, general truths:
Examples:
If  I am a millionaire NOTE: you can use "when" instead of "if".

Conditional Sentence Type 1

Often called the "real" conditional because it is used for real or possible situations. These situations take place if a certain condition is met. It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled.

Form:

If + Simple Present, + Simple Future

Use

Conditional Sentences Type 1 refer to the future. An action in the future will only happen if a certain condition is fulfilled by that time. We don't know for sure whether the condition actually will be fulfilled or not, but the conditions seems rather realistic – so we think it is likely to happen.
Example:
If I have much money, I'll vacation around the world
If I study hard for final exam, I will get a good result
If I give a gift for my brother, he will be happy
If she doesn’t late, I won’t be angry

Conditional Sentence Type 2

Often called the "unreal" conditional because it is used for unreal impossible or improbable situations. This conditional provides an imaginary result for a given situation. It is very unlikely that the condition will be fulfilled.

Form:

if + Simple Past, + would + base verb

Were / Was

In conditional type 2, we usually use in the if clause "were" instead of "was" even if the pronoun is I,he, she or it. "were" here is a subjunctive form.
NOTE "was" is also a possible form.
Example:
If I were a police, I would catch a thief.
If I were you, I would accept her apologize.
If she were love him, she wouldn’t leave him.

Use

Conditional Sentences Type 2 refer to an action in the present that could happen if the present situation were different. I don't really expect the situation to change because it is very unlikely.
Example:
If I had much money, I would buy a ticket One Direction’s concert.
If I came late to school, my teacher would be angry.

Conditional Sentence Type 3

It is impossible that the condition will be met because it refers to the past.

Form:

if + Past Perfect, + would + have + Past Participle

Use

Conditional Sentences Type 3 refer to situations in the past. They express hypothetical results to past given situations.
Example:
If Richman had been careful, he wouldn't have had that terrible accident.
Sometimes in the past, he was careless. He drove so fast. So he had a terrible accident
If Cindy had studied harder, she would have passed the final exam.
Sometimes in the past cindy was lazy to study, so she wouldn’t passed final exam

Things to remember

1. The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.
Examples:
- I would watch the One Directions concert if I had a tickets.
- Richman wouldn't have got an accident If he had driven motorcycle carefully.

2. Main clause and/or if clause might be negative.
Example:
If  I don’t sleep this afternoon, I will be sleepy in the evening.

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